python中type()是什么意思_后端开发
python中type()是一个内建的获取变量类型的函数。
【type(object)】，表示返回一个对象的类型，如【In [1]: a = 10 In [2]: type(a) Out[2]: int】。
php怎么实现聊天功能
1、在前端使用Ajax定时轮询访问php脚本，php再进行查询聊天数据进行返回给前端，最后前端将其进行渲染；
代码示例：
php运行环境一键搭建_后端开发
php运行环境一键搭建的方法：1、去PHPStudy官网下载最新版的PHPstudy；2、解压安装包并点击进行安装；3、安装完成后进入管理界面并点击【启动】即可开启服务。
4、创建网站并测试环境。
<html>
<head>
<title>聊天室</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<script src="../jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$("#post").click(function(){
var content=$("#content").val();
if(!$.trim(content)){
alert('请填写内容');
return false;
}
$("#content").val("");
$.post("ajax.php", {content:content});});
})
function getData(msg){
if(msg == undefined)
{
msg = '';
}
$.post("get.php",{"msg":msg},function(data){
//var myjson = eval("("+data+")");
if(data){
var chatcontent = '';
var obj = eval('('+data+')');
$.each(obj,function(key,val){
chatcontent += "<div class='username'>"+val['username']+" 说:</div>";
chatcontent += "<div class='content'>"+val['content']+"</div>";
})
$("#chatshow").html(chatcontent);
}
getData();
})
}
// function getUser(msg){
// if(msg == undefined){
// msg = '';
// }
// $.post("getuser.php",{"msg":msg},function(data){
// //var myjson = eval("("+data+")");
// if(data){
// var chatcontent = '';
// var obj = eval('('+data+')');
// $.each(obj,function(key,val){
// chatcontent += "<div class='username'>"+val['username']+" 说:</div>";
// chatcontent += "<div class='content'>"+val['content']+"</div>";
// })
// $("#chatshow").html(chatcontent);
// }
// getData();
// })
// }
getData("one");
// $(function(){
// $("#userlist p").click(function(){
// $("#content").val("@"+$(this).text()+" ");
// })
// })
// $(function(){
// $(document).keypress(function(e){
// if(e.ctrlKey && e.which == 13 || e.which == 10) {
// var content=$("#content").val();
// if(!$.trim(content)){
// alert('请填写内容');
// return false;
// }
// $("#content").val("");
// $.post("ajax.php", {content:content});
// }
// })
// //alert(event.clientX+document.body.clientWidth);
// })
/*window.onbeforeunload=function (){
//return("===onbeforeunload===");
if(event.clientX>document.body.clientWidth && event.clientY < 0 || event.altKey){
return("你关闭了浏览器");
}else{
return(document.body.clientWidth);
}
} */
</script>
<style>
#chat{margin:0 auto;}
#chatshow{width:500px;height:400px;overflow:auto;border:1px solid #ccc;float:left;}
#userlist{width:100px;height:400px;overflow:auto;border:1px solid #ccc;float:left;margin-right:2px;}
#userlist p{color:#0F0; cursor:pointer;}
.clearboth{clear:both;}
.username{font-weight:bold;color:#00F;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:3px;margin-top:8px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="chat">
<div id="userlist">
<div style="font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;">在线用户列表</div>
<div class="userlist">
<?php
// $dsn = "mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test;charset=utf8'";
// $db = new PDO($dsn, 'root', 'root');
$db = new PDO('mysql:dbname=test;host=127.0.0.1;charset=utf8', 'root', 'adminroot');
$rs = $db->prepare("select * from chat where is_login = '1'");
$rs->execute();
while($row = $rs->fetch()){
echo '<p>'.$row['username'].'</p>';
}
?>
</div>
</div>
<div id="chatshow"></div>
</div>
<div class="clearboth"></div>
<div>
<textarea name="content" id="content" style="width:600px;height:100px"></textarea>
<input type='button' name='tj' id="post" value='发布' >
</div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
/*session_start();
$mem = new Memcache;
$mem->connect("localhost",11211);
if(isset($_POST['content'])){
$con['username'] = $_SESSION["username"];
$con['content'] = $_POST["content"];
$data = $mem->get('chat');
$data[] = $con;
$mem->set("chat",$data,0,0);
}
$mem->close();
*/
if(isset($_POST['content'])){
session_start();
$filename = date("Ymd",time()).".txt";
if(file_exists($filename)){
$content = file_get_contents($filename);
$data = json_decode($content,true);
$con['username'] = $_SESSION["username"];
$con['content'] = $_POST["content"];
$data[] = $con;
$file = fopen($filename,"w");
fwrite($file,json_encode($data));
fclose($file);
}else{
$file = fopen($filename,"w");
$con['username'] = $_SESSION["username"];
$con['content'] = $_POST["content"];
$data[] = $con;
fwrite($file,json_encode($data));
fclose($file);
}
}
?>
<?php
/*require 'conn.inc';
function getData(){
$sql="SELECT count(*) FROM `talkroom`";
$res=mysql_query($sql);
$count = mysql_fetch_row($res);
return $count;
}
$old = getData();
while(true){
$new = getData();
if($new[0]>$old[0]){
//echo json_encode($new['data']);
//print_r($new);
echo '2222222222'.'<br/>';
}
//echo '<br />11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111';
usleep(1000);
}
*/
/*set_time_limit(0);
$mem = new Memcache;
$mem->connect("localhost",11211);
$count = count($mem->get("chat"));
$com = true;
//$mem->delete('chat');
if($_POST['msg'] == "one"){
exit(json_encode($mem->get("chat")));
}
if($_POST['msg'] == "break"){
$com = false;
}
$time1 = time();
while(true){
if($com){
$data = $mem->get("chat");
if(count($data)>$count){
echo json_encode($data);
break;
}
usleep(300);
}else{
break;
}
}
$mem->close();*/
set_time_limit(0);
$filename = date("Ymd",time()).".txt";
if(file_exists($filename)){
$content = file_get_contents($filename);
$data = json_decode($content,true);
$count = count($data);
// echo $count;die;
if($_POST['msg'] == "one"){
exit(json_encode($data));
}
while(true){
$contents = file_get_contents($filename);
$datas = json_decode($contents,true);
$counts = count($datas);
if($counts>$count){
echo json_encode($datas);
break;
}
usleep(300);
}
}else{
$file = fopen($filename,"w");
$con['username'] = "系统消息";
$con['content'] = "欢迎来到EPGO聊天室";
$data[] = $con;
fwrite($file,json_encode($data));
fclose($file);
exit(json_encode($data));
}
?>
2、使用WebSocket和服务器进行长连接，来实现聊天功能。
客户端代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>websocket聊天室</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:400,600" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reset.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css">
<style>
.message img {
float: left;
width: 40px;
height: 40px;
margin-right: 12px;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.you {
margin-left: 60px;
margin-top: -39px;
}
.me-header {
float: right !important;
margin-right: 0 !important;
}
.me {
margin-right: 60px;
margin-top: -39px;
}
.active-chat::-webkit-scrollbar, .left::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 2px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div style="padding: 20px 29px;height: auto;">
<div class="" style="font: 400 13.3333px Arial;font-weight: 400;">在线人数：<span id="numbers">0</span> 人
</div>
</div>
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<div><span>Tips: <span>PHP之websocket聊天室</span></span></div>
<div class="chat active-chat" data-chat="person1"
style="height: auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px;height: 483px; padding: 10px;overflow-y: auto;scrollTop: 100px">
</div>
<div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="write-link attach"></a>
<input type="text" id="input-value" onkeydown="confirm(event)"/>
<a href="javascript:;" class="write-link smiley"></a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="write-link send" onclick="send()"></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/index.js"></script>
<script>
var uname = prompt('请输入用户名', 'user' + uuid(8, 16));
var avatar = ['bo-jackson.jpg', 'dog.png', 'drake.jpg', 'louis-ck.jpeg', 'michael-jordan.jpg', 'thomas.jpg'];
if (avatar[Math.round(Math.random() * 10)]) {
var headerimg = "img/" + avatar[Math.round(Math.random() * 10)];
} else {
var headerimg = "img/" + avatar[0];
}
// 创建一个 websocket 连接
var ws = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:1238");
// websocket 创建成功事件
ws.onopen = function () {
var data = "系统消息：建立连接成功";
console.log(data);
};
// websocket 接收到消息事件
ws.onmessage = function (e) {
var data = JSON.parse(e.data);
switch (data.type) {
case 'handShake':
console.log(data.msg);
//发送用户登录
var user_info = {'type': 'login', 'msg': uname, 'headerimg': headerimg};
sendMsg(user_info);
break;
case 'login':
userList(data.user_list);
systemMessage('系统消息: ' + data.msg + ' 已上线');
break;
case 'logout':
userList(data.user_list);
if (data.msg.length > 0) {
systemMessage('系统消息: ' + data.msg + ' 已下线');
}
break;
case 'user':
messageList(data);
break;
case 'system':
systemMessage();
break;
}
}
// websocket 错误事件
ws.onerror = function () {
var data = "系统消息 : 出错了,请退出重试.";
alert(data);
};
function confirm(event) {
var key_num = event.keyCode;
if (13 == key_num) {
send();
} else {
return false;
}
}
function systemMessage(msg) {
var html = `<div>
<span>` + msg + `</span>
</div>`;
var active_chat = document.querySelector('div.active-chat');
var oldHtml = active_chat.innerHTML;
active_chat.innerHTML = oldHtml + html;
active_chat.scrollTop = active_chat.scrollHeight;
}
function send() {
var msg = document.querySelector("input#input-value").value;
var reg = new RegExp("\r\n", "g");
msg = msg.replace(reg, "");
sendMsg({type: "user", msg: msg});
document.querySelector("input#input-value").value = "";
}
function sendMsg(msg) {
var data = JSON.stringify(msg);
ws.send(data);
}
function userList(user) {
var html = '';
for (var i = 0; i < user.length; i++) {
html += `<li data-chat="person1">
<img src="` + user[i].headerimg + `" alt=""/>
<span>` + user[i].username + `</span>
<span>` + user[i].login_time + `</span>
<span style="color: green;font-size: 7px;">在线</span>
</li>`;
}
document.querySelector('ul.people').innerHTML = html;
document.querySelector('span#numbers').innerHTML = user.length;
}
function messageList(data) {
if (data.from == uname) {
var html = `<div>
<img src="` + data.headerimg + `" alt=""/>
<div class="bubble me">` + data.msg + `</div>
</div>`;
} else {
var html = `<div>
<img src="` + data.headerimg + `" alt=""/>
<div class="bubble you">` + data.msg + `</div>
</div>`;
}
var active_chat = document.querySelector('div.active-chat');
var oldHtml = active_chat.innerHTML;
active_chat.innerHTML = oldHtml + html;
active_chat.scrollTop = active_chat.scrollHeight;
}
/**
* 生产一个全局唯一ID作为用户名的默认值;
*
* @param len
* @param radix
* @returns {string}
*/
function uuid(len, radix) {
var chars = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'.split('');
var uuid = [], i;
radix = radix || chars.length;
if (len) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) uuid[i] = chars[0 | Math.random() * radix];
} else {
var r;
uuid[8] = uuid[13] = uuid[18] = uuid[23] = '-';
uuid[14] = '4';
for (i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
if (!uuid[i]) {
r = 0 | Math.random() * 16;
uuid[i] = chars[(i == 19) ? (r & 0x3) | 0x8 : r];
}
}
}
return uuid.join('');
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
服务端代码：
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: 25754
* Date: 2019/4/23
* Time: 14:13
*/
class socketServer
{
const LISTEN_SOCKET_NUM = 9;
const LOG_PATH = "./log/";
private $_ip = "127.0.0.1";
private $_port = 1238;
private $_socketPool = array();
private $_master = null;
public function __construct()
{
$this->initSocket();
}
private function initSocket()
{
try {
//创建socket套接字
$this->_master = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);
// 设置IP和端口重用,在重启服务器后能重新使用此端口;
socket_set_option($this->_master, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1);
//绑定地址与端口
socket_bind($this->_master, $this->_ip, $this->_port);
//listen函数使用主动连接套接口变为被连接套接口，使得一个进程可以接受其它进程的请求，从而成为一个服务器进程。
在TCP服务器编程中listen函数把进程变为一个服务器，并指定相应的套接字变为被动连接,其中的能存储的请求不明的socket数目。
socket_listen($this->_master, self::LISTEN_SOCKET_NUM);
} catch (Exception $e) {
$this->debug(array("code: " . $e->getCode() . ", message: " . $e->getMessage()));
}
//将socket保存到socket池中
$this->_socketPool[0] = array('resource' => $this->_master);
$pid = getmypid();
$this->debug(array("server: {$this->_master} started,pid: {$pid}"));
while (true) {
try {
$this->run();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$this->debug(array("code: " . $e->getCode() . ", message: " . $e->getMessage()));
}
}
}
private function run()
{
$write = $except = NULL;
$sockets = array_column($this->_socketPool, 'resource');
$read_num = socket_select($sockets, $write, $except, NULL);
if (false === $read_num) {
$this->debug(array('socket_select_error', $err_code = socket_last_error(), socket_strerror($err_code)));
return;
}
foreach ($sockets as $socket) {
if ($socket == $this->_master) {
$client = socket_accept($this->_master);
if ($client === false) {
$this->debug(['socket_accept_error', $err_code = socket_last_error(), socket_strerror($err_code)]);
continue;
}
//连接
$this->connection($client);
} else {
//接受数据
$bytes = @socket_recv($socket, $buffer, 2048, 0);
if ($bytes == 0) {
$recv_msg = $this->disconnection($socket);
} else {
if ($this->_socketPool[(int)$socket]['handShake'] == false) {
$this->handShake($socket, $buffer);
continue;
} else {
$recv_msg = $this->parse($buffer);
}
}
$msg = $this->doEvents($socket, $recv_msg);
echo($msg);
socket_getpeername ( $socket , $address ,$port );
$this->debug(array(
'send_success',
json_encode($recv_msg),
$address,
$port
));
$this->broadcast($msg);
}
}
}
/**
* 数据广播
* @param $data
*/
private function broadcast($data)
{
foreach ($this->_socketPool as $socket) {
if ($socket['resource'] == $this->_master) {
continue;
}
socket_write($socket['resource'], $data, strlen($data));
}
}
/**
* 业务处理
* @param $socket
* @param $recv_msg
* @return string
*/
private function doEvents($socket, $recv_msg)
{
//联系我
}
/**
* socket握手
* @param $socket
* @param $buffer
* @return bool
*/
public function handShake($socket, $buffer)
{
$acceptKey = $this->encry($buffer);
$upgrade = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" .
"Upgrade: websocket\r\n" .
"Connection: Upgrade\r\n" .
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept: " . $acceptKey . "\r\n\r\n";
// 写入socket
socket_write($socket, $upgrade, strlen($upgrade));
// 标记握手已经成功，下次接受数据采用数据帧格式
$this->_socketPool[(int)$socket]['handShake'] = true;
socket_getpeername ( $socket , $address ,$port );
$this->debug(array(
'hand_shake_success',
$socket,
$address,
$port
));
//发送消息通知客户端握手成功
$msg = array('type' => 'handShake', 'msg' => '握手成功');
$msg = $this->frame(json_encode($msg));
socket_write($socket, $msg, strlen($msg));
return true;
}
/**
* 帧数据封装
* @param $msg
* @return string
*/
private function frame($msg)
{
$frame = [];
$frame[0] = '81';
$len = strlen($msg);
if ($len < 126) {
$frame[1] = $len < 16 ? '0' . dechex($len) : dechex($len);
} else if ($len < 65025) {
$s = dechex($len);
$frame[1] = '7e' . str_repeat('0', 4 - strlen($s)) . $s;
} else {
$s = dechex($len);
$frame[1] = '7f' . str_repeat('0', 16 - strlen($s)) . $s;
}
$data = '';
$l = strlen($msg);
for ($i = 0; $i < $l; $i++) {
$data .= dechex(ord($msg{$i}));
}
$frame[2] = $data;
$data = implode('', $frame);
return pack("H*", $data);
}
/**
* 接受数据解析
* @param $buffer
* @return mixed
*/
private function parse($buffer)
{
$decoded = '';
$len = ord($buffer[1]) & 127;
if ($len === 126) {
$masks = substr($buffer, 4, 4);
$data = substr($buffer, 8);
} else if ($len === 127) {
$masks = substr($buffer, 10, 4);
$data = substr($buffer, 14);
} else {
$masks = substr($buffer, 2, 4);
$data = substr($buffer, 6);
}
for ($index = 0; $index < strlen($data); $index++) {
$decoded .= $data[$index] ^ $masks[$index % 4];
}
return json_decode($decoded, true);
}
// 提取 Sec-WebSocket-Key 信息
private function getKey($req)
{
$key = null;
if (preg_match("/Sec-WebSocket-Key: (.*)\r\n/", $req, $match)) {
$key = $match[1];
}
return $key;
}
//加密 Sec-WebSocket-Key
private function encry($req)
{
$key = $this->getKey($req);
return base64_encode(sha1($key . '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11', true));
}
/**
* 连接socket
* @param $client
*/
public function connection($client)
{
socket_getpeername ( $client , $address ,$port );
$info = array(
'resource' => $client,
'userInfo' => '',
'handShake' => false,
'ip' => $address,
'port' => $port,
);
$this->_socketPool[(int)$client] = $info;
$this->debug(array_merge(['socket_connect'], $info));
}
/**
* 断开连接
* @param $socket
* @return array
*/
public function disconnection($socket)
{
$recv_msg = array(
'type' => 'logout',
'msg' => @$this->_socketPool[(int)$socket]['username'],
);
unset($this->_socketPool[(int)$socket]);
return $recv_msg;
}
/**
* 日志
* @param array $info
*/
private function debug(array $info)
{
$time = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
array_unshift($info, $time);
$info = array_map('json_encode', $info);
file_put_contents(self::LOG_PATH . 'websocket_debug.log', implode(' | ', $info) . "\r\n", FILE_APPEND);
}
}
new socketServer();
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php如何实现websocket_后端开发
php实现websocket的方法：首先在php代码中创建socket服务并监听端口信息；然后设计一个循环挂起websocket通道，进行数据的接收、处理和发送；最后等待客户端进行连接即可。
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