在中学英语中，常用 it 替代句子。现对此作一分析和归纳，供同学们学习时参考。
A 谓语动词是被动形式时，常用 it 替代主语从句。例如：
It hasn't been decided whether the meeting will be held
这个会议是否召开，尚未定下来。
B 主句是疑问句或感叹句时，则必须用形式主语 it 替代主语从句。例如：
Is it necessary that she'll come？
她有必要来吗？
How strange it is that the children are so quiet！
孩子们如此安静，真奇怪！
C it 作为形式主语，常出现在下列结构中：
1 It +be+ 形容词＋主语从句。例如：
It's possible that we'll be a little late
我们可能会晚一点儿到。
It was most likely that one third of them lost their lives
他们当中很可能有三分之一的人丧生。
2 It +be ＋分词＋主语从句。例如：
It's surprising that there are so many unhappy marriages
有这么多婚姻不美满，真是令人吃惊。
It is suggested that the task （ should ） be finished in a week's time
有人建议在一周内完成这项任务。
3 It +be+ 名词（短语）＋主语从句。例如：
It's a pity that he isn't here
真遗憾，他没有在这里。
It's a question where we can find this material
我们在哪儿能找到这种材料还是个问题。
4 It + 不及物动词＋主语从句。例如：
It doesn't matter when they'll be back
他们什么时候回来无关紧要。
It happened （ so happened ） that he met his teacher in the street
碰巧他在街上遇到了他的老师。
It seems / appears that someone is knocking at the door
似乎有人在敲门。
二 it 充当形式宾语时，真正的宾语要后置。
A 在 think， make， find， believe， feel， consider， hear 等动词后面跟复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）时，要用 it 作其中的形式宾语。例如：
We think it necessary that you will help him
我们认为你很有必要帮助他。
I felt it a surprise that they were all unfriendly to me
我感到惊奇的是，他们对我都不友好。
注意：若此类动词后面没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语，则一般不用 it 作形式宾语。如不可说： We consider it that you will go there
B like， enjoy， love， hate 等表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词后面跟宾语从句时，可用 it 作形式宾语，而宾语从句要紧跟在 it 之后。例如：
I love it when you sing
我喜欢听你唱歌。
I hate it when she speaks of me
我讨厌她说我。
C 由动词和介词（除 except， but 外）构成的 think of， answer for， depend on， rely on， see to 等短语动词后面，常用 it 作形式宾语，然后再接 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：
I will answer for it that he is honest
我可以担保他是诚实的。
You may depend on it that he will come in time
你可以相信他会及时来到。
三 it 作形式主语时指主句所表示的内容。例如：
1 If it is possible， hold up the part of the body which is bleeding[!--empirenewspage--]
如有可能，就把流血的身体部位抬高。
句中的 it 是指主句 hold up the part of the body which is bleeding if 后面的 it is 常可省略。
2 I would like to see him as soon as it is possible
我想尽快见到他。
此句中只能用形容词 possible ，而不能用副词 possibly 因为 as soon as possible 是 as soon as it is possible 的省略形式。
3 I can discuss the matter with you now， if it is necessary
如有必要，我现在就可以和你讨论此事。
此句中的 if necessary = if it is necessary
四 用 it 指代一个分句乃至整个句子。例如：
1 Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder， but it didn't help
汤姆的妈妈喋喋不休地告诉他应该努力学习，但却无济于事。
2 He is over seventy， but doesn't look like it
他已经七十多岁了，可是看起来却不像那么大。
3 John is trying to finish writing his book this month， but he won't find it easy
约翰想在这个月把书写完，不过他会发现这并不容易。
4 I've broken the mirror It can't be helped
我把镜子打破了，这是无法补救的。
5 They won the match after three hours' struggle It wasn't easy， though
他们经过三个小时的拼搏赢得了这场比赛。不过，这是来之不易的。
注意：代替整个句子的 it ，不能用在 know ， remember， try， tell， forget 等动词之后。例如：
1 － The meeting has been put off
－ Yes， I know （不说： Yes， I know it ）
2 － Remember what he told you
－ I'll remember （不说： Yes， I'll remember it ）
3 － Be sure to tell him the news
－ I won't forget （不说： I won't forget it ）
以下是我为大家整理的it 的用法 总结 ，希望能帮助大家更好地认识it这个单词，提高英语水平。
1 It is + 被强调部分 + that
该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面， 其它 部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的 句子 。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的 方法 。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday
It was in the street that I met her father
2 It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为"清楚(显然，真的，肯定)" 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree
= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear
3 It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural) that
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words
4 It is not until + 被强调部分 + that
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语"直到才"，可以说是 not until 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses
5 It is said (reported, learned) that
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为"据说(据报道，据悉)"。
It is said that he has come to Beijing
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit
6 It is suggested ( ordered ) that
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令)
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours
7 It is a pity ( a shame ) that
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾!
It is a pity that he is ill 他生病了，真遗憾!
8 It is time ( about time ,high time ) that
该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为"是(正是)的时侯"。
It is time that children should go to bed
= It is time that children went to bed
9 It is the first ( second ) time that
该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去;it有时用 this 替换常译为"是第一(二)次"。
It is the first time I have been here
= This is the first time I have been here
10 It is since
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died
11 It is when
该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为"当的时候，是"。
It was 5 o’clock when he came here
12 It be before
该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或 短语 。常译为"之后"。
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing
It will be not long before he finishes his job
13 It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that
该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street 碰巧
It seems that he will be back in a few days 看来
14 It takes sb to do sth
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为"做要花费某人"。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall
15 It is no good (use ) doing sth
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。
It is no good learning English without speaking English
16 It doesn’t matter whether ( if )
该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为 "不论(是否)没关系。
It doesn’t matter if they are old
17 It is kind ( of sb ) to do sth
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good (好心的), honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice(有教养的), polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb is kind to do sth
It is kind of you to say so
= You are kind to say so
18 It is necessary ( for sb ) to do sth
该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。
在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party
19 It looks ( seems ) as if
该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，"看起来好象"如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气
It looks as if he is ill(真的病了)
It looks as if he were ill (没有生病)
It seemed as if he were dying
20 We think it important to learn a foreign language
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。
6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel;
1指的是形式宾语it;
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词;
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day
He felt it important learning English well
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days
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1It is+被强调部分+that
该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。
It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday It was in the street that I met her father
It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found (2004 福建)
A because B which C since D that (D)
2 It is not until +被强调的部分+ that
该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star =I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses
It was ___back home after the experiment (2004 湖北)
A not until midnight did he go
B until midnight that he didn’t go
C not until midnight that he went
D until midnight when he didn’t go (C)
3 It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that…
该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree
=That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear
4 It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…
该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words
5 It is said (reported, learned…) that…
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）
It is said that he has come to Beijing
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit
6 It is suggested (ordered…) that…
该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off
It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours
7 It is a pity (a shame…) that …
在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。
It is a pity that he is ill
他生病了，真遗憾！
8 It is time (about time, high time) that…
该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”
It is time that children should go to bed
=It is time that children went to bed
9 It is the first (second, …)time that…
该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。
10 It is …since…
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is (has been) 5 years since his father died
It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time (2005 北京)
A before B since C after D when(B)
11 It is …when…
该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”
It was 5 o’clock when he came here
12 It be…before…
该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing
It will not be long before he finishes his job
13 It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…
该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street (碰巧……)
It seems that he will be back in a few days (看来……)
The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace” (2004北京)
A This is B There is C That is D It is (D)
14 It takes sb…to do sth
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall
15．It is no good (use) doing sth
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use )
It is no good learning English without speaking English
16 It doesn’t matter whether…
该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系……
It doesn’t matter whether they are old
17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sbis kind to do sth
It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so
18 It is necessary (for sb) to do sth
该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：
Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant等。
It is important for her to come to the party =It is important that she (should) come to the party
19 It looks (seems) as if …
该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。
It looks as if he is ill （真的病了）
It looks as if he was ill （事实上没有生病）
It seemed as if he was dying
20 We think it important to learn a foreign language
该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”
7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take
1指的是形式宾语it
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day
XiaoLi felt it important learning English well
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days
-Do you like ____here
-Oh, yes The air, the weather, the way of life Everything is so nice (2004 全国卷二)
A this B these C that D it (D)
it的用法
(1)it作无人称代词：it作无人称代词表示自然现象、气候、时间、距离等it是形式主语没有词汇意义如： 1)It is very cold today．(气候) 2)It is three o'clock．(时间) 3)It is along way from here．(距离)
(2)it作人称代词：it作人称代词时,用来代替上下文中提到的事或物,有时可代替整个句子的内容
(3)his(was)+形容词十不定式(to do),it为形式主语,不定式短语为真正主语 (过去分词)
(4)his+{形容词}+that(what,how,whether．．．),it为形式主语,that引导的为主语从句 (名词)
(5)It+不及物谓语动词+that引导的主语从句这些动词有：seem,appear,turn out,follow,happen等
(6)It may well be that引导的主语从句
(7)it作形式宾语： 1)某些及物动词+it+形容词十不定式； 2)某些及物动词+it+形容词+that 在上述两种句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语,或that引导的宾语从句
(8)it用于强调句型： It is(was)十被强调的成分+that(which,who) 强调句型是简单句,可以用来强调句中主语、宾语和状语,但不能强调定语和谓语在这种句型中把his．．．that去掉,句子仍成立 代词在句中分析与翻译的
“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点，因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。现将it用法归纳如下：
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：1 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj (for sb) to do sth
（2）It be adj of sb to do sth
（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：
It’s no good/use doing…
It’s (well)worth doing…
It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do
2 It替代作主语的从句常见句型
（1）It is + noun +从句
（2）It is adj +clause
It’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……
It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…
（3）It verb sb + clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb that…
（4）It verb (to sb) that…= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)
（5）It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）
四、It 作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式宾语的常见句型：
1 verb+ it+ adj/noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)
五、强调句型
It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。
在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：
1 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句
2 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句。
3 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。
4 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。
六、It 常用的固定搭配
1 make it
(1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 。
更详细的请看：）~~
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